Carriage release mechanism for typewriting machines



F. H. TREGO July 3, 1934.

CARRIAGE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES ori inal Filed Aug. 9, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR fm/M' H 771. 90.

BY 2 1 42mm July 3, 1934. H TREGQ 1,964,751

CARRIAGE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Original Filed Aug. 9', 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORE flan/r H Treqo.

ATTORNEY F. H. TREGO July 3, 1934.

CARRIAGE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Original Filed Aug. 9, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR frank H 7/" eqa. QM A TTORNE Y July 3, 1934; F. H. TREGO 1,964,751

CARRIAGE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Original Filed Aug. 9, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 09 8734 54 IN VEN T OR Fran/r h. Treqo.

A TTORNE Y Patented July 3, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARRIAGE RELEASE MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITIN G MACHINES Delaware Original application August 9, 1929, Serial No.

384,603. Divided and this application Decembet 1, 1932, Serial No. 645,273

24 Claims.

This invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly to carriage release mechanism therefor, and is a division of my application No. 384,603, filed Aug. 9, 1929. This mechanism is especially adapted for use with variable carriage feed mechanism.

Heretofore difliculty has been experienced with variable feed mechanism in maintaining marginal alignment, such alignment having been dis turbed by efiecting a release of the carriage, because in order to effect the release of the carriage the feed rack has been released from any one of a plurality of pinions associated with the escapement mechanism, some of said pinions having a different number of teeth than the escapement wheel.

An object of the present invention is to provide a carriage release mechanism which will not disturb the marginal alignment of the typewriting on the work sheet.

In carrying out the invention provision is made to release the carriage without disengaging the rack from the active one of the pinions associated with the escapement mechanism. The pinions may constitute a unit, like thatdisclosed in my application No. 361,899, filed May 10, 1929, now Pat. No. 1,918,299, dated July 18, 1933, supported on the shaft with the escapement wheel. Provision is also made to disconnect the pinion 30. element from the escapement wheel to release the carriage, thus maintaining engagement of the rack with the pinion element so as not to change the meshing relation between them; the maintenance of engagement of rack and pinion being essential to insure marginal alignment.

' The connection between the escapement wheel and the pinion element, in the form of the invention herein illustrated, includes a pawl carried by the shaft to which the escapement wheel is secured. Said pawl engages with a ratchet secured to the pinion element so that, as the carriage is moved in a letter space direction, the pinion element, through the medium of the pawl, rotates the escapement wheel step by step as permitted by the usual dogs associated with the escapement wheel.

To effect the release of the carriage the pawl is actuated to disengage it from the ratchet and thus release the carriage from the control of the sovescapement devices. The pawl may be operated by a plunger slidingly supported in an axial bore in the escapement shaft, said plunger having thereon a cam to engage the pawl and withdraw it from engagement of the ratchet against the 5 ,action of a return spring.

The actuation of the pawl operating plunger is efiected by means including an actuating lever located near the center of the machine and pivotally supported on the main frame of the machine. Said lever is actuable by a bar pivotally supported on the carriage, and actuable by suitable release levers supported on and located at each side of the carriage; the bar extending lengthwise of the carriage so as to engage the actuating lever in any position of the carriage.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, of the rear portion of the machine, taken near the middle thereof;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the bearing for the rack supporting arm and the return spring therefor at the left hand end of the carriage;

Fig. 3 is a detail side view of the rack supporting arm and the adjustable means for the return spring thereof;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a portion of the machine, some of the parts being broken away for clearness;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section showing the bearing of the left hand carriage release lever and its return spring;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the machine, in section, taken on the line 6--6 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary rear view of the machine;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of some of the escapement mechanism and some of the carriage release mechanism associated therewith;

Fig. 9 is a sectional rear view taken on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8; and

Fig. 10 is a detail end view of the pawl carried by the escapement shaft.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The invention is shown applied to a machine known as the Varityper which includes a main frame 20 to which is secured a track 21 upon which a carriage 22 is mounted to travel back and forth transversely of the machine. The carriage is provided with a bar 23 which co-operates with the track 21 through anti-friction rollers or balls 24 to guide said carriage. The carriage is further guided by a bar 25 at its upper end cooperating with rollers 27 mounted on the main frame 20.

The carriage is urged in a letter feed direction by a carriage propelling means or spring drum rotatably supported by a shaft 31 on the main frame 20; the spring drum being connected to the carriage by a strap or draw band 32. Letter feed movements of the carriage are effected upon the actuation of character keys, not shown, and these movements are controlled by escapement mechanism indicated generally by the numeral The escapement mechanism includes a pinio element 34 (Figs. 1 and 8) having a sleeve 35 slidably supported on a shaft 36 supported in a rear cross-bar 37 of the main frame and a lug 38 of said frame. The sleeve 35 has secured thereto three pinions 39, 40 and 41 of diiierent diameters to effect variable spacing of the carriage in a manner described in my above named application #361,899. Any one of the pinions may be engaged by a rack 42 carried by two arms 43, 43 pivotally supported on studs 44, (Fig. 2) on carriage ends 45.

'The sleeve 35 has further secured thereto an internal ratchet 46 by means of screws 46 the ratchet engaging a pawl 47 having a shank 48 engaging in a hole 49 of an enlarged portion 50 1 of the shaft 36. A spring 51., held between the end of the shank and a plug 52, normally holds the pawl in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 46. The head 53 of the pawl 47 is flat and elongated and engages in a slot 54 formed in the enlarged portion 50 of the escapement shaft to keep it from turning. The sleeve 35 is slidable lengthwise of the shaft 36 while setting it for the various feeds and because of the length of the pawl head 53 the ratchet 46 engages it in all positions of the sleeve.

An escapement wheel 56 is rigidly connected to theshaft 36 by a pin 57 engaging in an aperture 58in the escapement wheel and in an aperture 59 in the enlarged portion 5001? said shaft. It is held against an end face of the enlarged portion 50 by a nut element 60 screwed on a threaded portion 61 of the shaft 36.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the carriage is under the influence of the spring drum 30 which tends to rotate the escapement shaft 36 through the medium of the feed rack 42, pinion element 34, ratchet 46 and pawl 47. The escapement wheel is normally held against rotation, however, by a loose dog 62 (Fig. 7) pivoted on a stud 63 of a frame including two arms 64 and 65; said frame being pivotally supported on the escapement shaft 36. The arm 65 has an extension 67 engaging a stop 68 against which said extension is normally held by the action of 5, the escapement wheel on the dog 62.

The rear end of an arm 70, upon a depression of the type keys and the space bar, is moved downwardly and engages an inwardly projecting arm 71 to rock an escapement lever or dog rock- :4; er 72 about a pivot stud 73 against the'action of a spring 74. Said lever is provided with a slot 75 into which projects a pin 76 from the dog 62 so that as the lever 72 is actuated the dog 62 is swung out of engagement with the escapement wheel 56. A fixed dog 77 secured to the lever or dog rocker 72 is brought into the path of theteeth of said escapement wheel before the release of said wheel from the loose dog 62 is effected. The loose dog 62is then carried upwardly, past the previously engaged tooth of the escapementwheel; This upward movement of the loose dog is ef fected by a spring, not shown, connected to the printing hammer 78 which is connected to the frame 64 by a stud 78 carriedby the said frame and extending freely into an aperture in the printing hammer. Upon the release of the depressed key the arm 70 is returned to normal thus permitting the dog rocker 72 to return to normal. The loose dog 62 is thus swung back, by the dog rocker 72, into the path of the next succeeding tooth of the escapement wheel, and the fixed dog 77 is carried out of engagement with the escapement wheel thus permitting the completion of a letter space movement of the carriage.

To hold the escapement shaft 36 on its bearings, or in other words, prevent accidental rearward movement of said shaft, there is provided a plate-like element 79 which may be secured to the stud 73 by a screw 79 and is provided with an end 79 extending into a groove 79 formed by the nut 60 and the escapement wheel. This eleshaft from the frame.

The pinions 39, 40 and 41 vary in increasing diameters and they are of the same pitch as the rack 42. They also vary respectively in size according to the number of teeth. Accordingly, for each movement of the escapement wheel, which is constant, the angular distance of actuation of the pinion is the same, but the linear distances which the rack may be fed, by the various pinions, increase in accordance with the increase of the diameters of the pinions.

, To shift the sleeve 35 to select any one of the pinions there is provided means including a shift lever 85 pivoted at 86 on the main frame 20. The inner end of the lever 85 is bifurcated and has two studs 87 projecting into an annular groove 88 formed in the periphery of a flange 89 of the sleeve 35. Thus, due to engagement of the studs 87 in the groove 88 and the actuation of the lever 85, by suitable means not shown, the sleeve 34 may be slid back and forth relatively to the rack 42, to the desired position, on the escapement shaft, to select any one of the pinions; the annular groove 88 permitting freedom of rotation of the pinion element with respect to the shiftlever 85. Prior to the shifting of the sleeve 34 with, and the carriage is also held against movement, by means not shown. After the pinion corresponding with the desired letter spacing has been shifted into co-operative relation with the rack 42, it is lowered into engagement therewith.

To maintain the rack 42 in engagement with the active pinion there is associated with each rack arm 43 a spring-95 (Fig. 2) concealed in a hub 96 of said arm. The spring is coiled about a reduced end 97 of the stud 44 and one end thereof is anchored in a slot 98 of the hub 96. The other end of the spring extends through an aperture 99 of a disc 100 which may be secured to the end of the reduced portion 97 by a screw 101. The disc has two notches 102 to receive a tool, by which it may be rotated about the screw 101 to adjust the spring 95. Before, the tool is removed, the screw 101 is tightened to thus secure the disc 100 and hold the spring in its adjusted position. The stud 44 may be provided with another reduced portion 103 extending into the carriage end 45 where it is secured by a pin 104 extending'through a groove 104 in the reduced portion 103.

Instead of. releasing the carriage from the escapement mechanism in the usual manner by moving the rack out of engagement with the active pinion, provision is made whereby the rack remains in engagement with the active pinion during the carriage releasing operation. To this end a thrust rod or plunger 105 (Fig. 8) is slidably supported in an axial bore 106 in the escapement shaft. The inner end of said plunger is provided with a cam 10? to engage an inclined portion 108 of an aperture 109 in the shank 48 of the pawl 47, so that when the plunger 105 is pushed inwardly from the normal position in Fig. 8 it withdraws the pawl 4'7 from engagement with the ratchet 46 thus releasing the carriage from the escapement while the feed rack remains in engagement with the active pinion. Thus it will be understood that the carriage may be released without disturbing the margin or vertical alignment of the typing in any one of the settings of the pinion element 34.

There are two carriage release levers 110, one on each carriage end 45, and both supported on and at opposite ends of a shaft 112 by hubs 110 said shaft being supported in the carriage ends 45 and held against rotation in a manner not shown, said shaft serving also as a tie bar between the carriage ends 45.

Each release lever 110 is actuable by a finger piece 113 against the action of a return spring 114 (Fig. 5) coiled around a reduced end 115 of the shaft 112. The lower end of each release lever has a slot 116 (Fig. 1) into which projects a pin 117 from an arm 118 pivotally supported on an offset 119 (Fig. 2) of the hub 96 on the rack supporting arm 43. The arms 118 have each an ear 120 bent therefrom to which a bar 121, extending lengthwise of the carriage is secured. During the active movement of the lever 110 the bar 121 is swung in a counter clockwise direction :(Fig. 1) upon the actuation of either release lever 110; said bar 121 engaging the end of an element or arm 122 of intermediate mechanism indicated generally by the numeral 123 connecting the bar 121 with the pawl actuating plunger 105 of the escapement mechanism.

nected to the said shaft by a screw 131 threaded through a collar 132 on the shaft 125 and bearing against the latter; the other end of the spring being connected to a lever 133 of the tabulating mechanism hereinafter described. The other end ,of the sleeve 124 has secured thereto an arm 134 which extends upwardly and rearwardly behind the escapement wheel 56 and is provided at its upper end with a slot 135 through which extends a stud 136 in a head 137 threaded on the end of the thrust rod 105 so that upon the actuation of the arm 134 the thrust rod is moved inwardly toactuate the pawl 47 out of engagement with the ratchet 46 to release the carriage as previous- 1y described.

The cam end 107 of the thrust rod 105 may be adjusted relatively to the inclined surface 108 of the pawl by screwing the thrust rod more or less into the head 137. It may then be locked in its adjusted position, with respect to the head 137, by a nut 138 also threaded on the rod 105.

While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood that changes in form, arrangement, proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:-

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a shaft, an enlargement on said shaft, said en- 1 largement having a radial bore, a pawl, a shank on said pawl engaging in said radial bore, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a ratchet secured to said pinion and engaging said pawl, said shaft having an axial bore extending. into the radial bore, a plunger in said axial bore to actuate the pawl to disengage it from the ratchet, said plunger being cylindrical to permit rotation of the shaft relatively thereto, and means to actuate the plunger.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a shaft, an enlargement on said shaft, said enlargement having a radial bore, a pawl, a shank on said pawl engaging in said radial bore, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a ratchet secured to said pinion and engaging said pawl, said shaft having an axial bore extending into the radial bore, a non-rotating plunger in said axial bore, a cone-shaped cam on said plunger to en-' gage and actuate the pawl to disengage it from the ratchet, and means to actuate the plunger.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor including a rotatable shaft, a pinion to rotate on said shaft, a rack on the carriage to be driven by said pinion, an escapement wheel secured to said shaft, a pawl and ratchet connection between the pinion and the escapement wheel, the pawl traveling about the axis of said shaft, a nonrotatable release rod extending axially into the escapement shaft to be supported entirely thereby and engaging the pawl in any one of its positions about said shaft, and means to actuate the release rod to disengage the pawl fro-m the ratchet to effect the release of the carriage.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism for said carriage including a pawl and ratchet, a bail pivoted on the carriage, an arm on said bail, a

lever pivoted on said carriage to engage said arm to actuate said bail, a main-frame to support the escapementmechanism, and means including an actuating lever pivoted on the mainframe and located near the middle of the machine to be operated by the bail in any position of the carriage to effect a disengagement between the pawl and ratchet to release the carriagefrom' the escapement mechanism.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism for said carriage including a pawl and ratchet, a mainframe on which the escapement mechanism is supported, a release bar on the carriage, a finger piece toactuate the release bar, intermediate" a vertical member on said shaft and offset withreference to the first named member and extending up to the escapement mechanism, and means operable by the second named member to effect a disengagement between the pawl and ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism, a pinion associated with the escapement mechanism, a rack on the carriage to engage the pinion, studs on the carriage, rack supporting arms one on each stud, a portion of one stud being reduced to provide an aperture, and a spring to hold the rack in engagement with the pinion, said spring being concealed in said aperture, a screw threaded into the reduced end of the stud, and a tension adjusting disc on the screw to be secured thereby, one end of the spring being connected to said arm, the other end being connected to said disc.

'7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a horizontally disposed shaft, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a rack on said carriage to engage said pinion, an internal ratchet on said pinion, a pawl supported on said shaft and engaging said ratchet, and means on said shaft to'disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mecha- "nism, the disengaging means including a non- .said pinion, an escapement wheel on said shaft,

a pawl on said shaft to engage the ratchet, a

shank on said pawl extending radially into said shaft, a non-rotating plunger extending axially through said shaft into engagement with said .shank, and means including a pivoted lever connected to the plunger to actuate it to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to effect the release of said carriage.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a, carriage including a cross-bar, two endpieces extending upwardly therefrom, a tie-bar connecting said end-pieces, a shaft protruding beyond each end-piece, carriage releasing means including two release levers, a hub on each re- .lease lever by which it is supported on the pro- "truding end of the shaft, and a-return spring concealed in each hub. v

10..In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main-frame, a carriage thereon, an escape- .ment shaft on said main-frame, said shaft comprising a head and two reduced ends extending from opposite ends of the head, a pinion element supported on one of said reduced ends, an enlarged portion on said pinion element, said en- ,larged portion being hollow, said head extending into the pinion element, an internal ratchet on said pinion element, a spring pressed pawl supported in said head, a rod extending through the other reduced portion of the escapement shaft .,and through the head thereof tothe pawl to actuate the latter, and an escapement wheel supported on the last mentioned reduced portion and secured to said head.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combina- .tion of a carriage, escapement mechanism there- "for including a pawl and a ratchet, releasing means extending from the rear of the escapement mechanism to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage, a U-shaped actuating frame extending downwardly from thereleasing means then forwardly under the escapement mechanism and then upwardly at the front of the escapement mechanism, means to support said frame, and a bar operably supported on the carriage to engage the upwardly extending portion of said frame to actuate the latter to operate the releasing means.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor including a pawl and a ratchet, releasing means extending from the rear of the escapement mechanism to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage, a main frame to support the carriage, a rock-shaft supported on the main frame, said rock-shaft being located under the escapement mechanism and extending transversely of the machine, a carriage release bar supported on the carriage, an actuating arm secured to the rock-shaft and extending upwardly to the front of the escapement mechanism to a point above the main frame where the release bar is located so that it may be actuated by said release bar, and an arm extending upwardly from the rock-shaft to the rear of the escapement into engagement with the releasing means.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement shaft, a pinion rotatably supported thereon, said shaft having an aperture extending radially therethrough and a slot extending axially thereof on its periphery, a ratchet on said pinion, a pawl to engage saidratchet, said pawl having a shank to engage in said aperture and a flat head to engage in said'groove to prevent rotation of the pawl about the axis of its shank, a spring for said pawl, a plunger extending through the center of the shaft to co-operate with the shank of said pawl, and means to actuate said plunger axially to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release said carriage.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement shaft including a head and reduced portions at opposite ends, a pinion element rotatably supported on one of the reduced portions of said shaft, an enlarged hollow portion on the pinion element into which the head extends, an internal ratchet on the enlarged portion of the pinion element, an escapement Wheel supported on the other reduced portion of the shaft, a pin extending through the escapement wheel into the head of the escapement shaft, said shaft having a radial aperture and an axial bore extending thereinto and a' slot on its periphery, a pawl to engage said ratchet; a spring for saidpawl, said pawl having a flat head to engage in said slot and a shank to engage in said aperture, a cylindrical plunger.

in said bore to cooperate with the shank of said pawl, and meansto actuate said plunger. 15'. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a shaft having a radial bore, a pawl supported in said radial. bore, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a rack on said carriage to engage said pinion, a ratchet on said pinion and engaging said pawl, said shaft having an axial bore extending into the radial bore, a plunger in said axial bore to actuate the pawl to disengage it from the ratchet to thus release the carriage, said plunger being cylindrical to permit rotation of the shaft relatively thereto, and means to actuate the plunger.

16. .In' a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a.

shaft having a radial bore, a pawl, a shank on said pawl engaging in said radial bore, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a ratchet on said pinion and engaging said pawl, a rack on said carriage to engage said pinion, said shaft having an axial bore extending into the radial bore, a non-rotating plunger in said bore, a cone-shaped cam on said plunger to actuate the pawl to disengage it from the ratchet to thus effect the release of the carriage, means to actuate the plunger, and means to adjust the cam with respect to the shank of the pawl.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage thereon, escapement mechanism on the main frame for said carriage and including a pawl and ratchet, a bail pivoted on the carriage, means on said carriage to actuate said bail, an actuating lever pivoted on the main frame and located near the middle of the machine to be operated by the bail in any position of the carriage, and means located at one side of said lever and operable thereby to effect a disengagement between the pawl and ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism for said carriage including a pawl and ratchet, a main frame on which the escapement mechanism is supported, a release bar on the carriage, a finger piece to actuate the release bar, a U-shaped lever extending around the escapement mechanism from the front to the rear thereof, one arm of the lever being located in the middle of the machine to be actuated by the release bar in any letter space position of the carriage, the escapement mechanism being located slightly to one side of the middle of the machine, the other arm of the lever being offset with reference to the first mentioned arm and extending up to the escapement mecha nism, and means associated with the escapement mechanism and operable by the second mentioned arm to effect a disengagement between the pawl and ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a horizontally disposed shaft having a radial bore andan axial bore, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, a rack on said carriage to engage said pinion, an internal ratchet on said pinion, a pawl supported in the radial bore of said shaft and engaging said ratchet, and means to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism, the disengaging means including a non-rotating shaft extending through the axial bore in said horizontally disposed shaft, and a cone shaped end on said shaft to engage the pawl.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a rotatable escapement shaft, a pinion rotatably supported on said shaft, said shaft having an aperture extending radially therethrough, a ratchet on said pinion, a pawl to engage said ratchet, said pawl having a shank to engage in said aperture, a spring for said pawl, non-rotating means on said shaft to co-operate with said pawl, means independent of the nonrotating means to prevent rotation of the pawl about the axis of its shank, and means to actuate the independent means to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release said carriage.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main-frame, a carriage thereon, a rack on said carriage, a rotatable escapement shaft supported on the main-frame, a pinion element to engage said rack, said pinion element being rotatably supported on said shaft, said shaft having an axial bore, a non-rotating plunger in said bore, an internal ratchet on said pinion element, a radially moving pawl on said shaft engaging the internal ratchet and extending into said shaft to said plunger, means to actuate said plunger axially, and means whereby the plunger while being operated axially may actuate the pawl to disengage it from said ratchet to thus release the carriage from the escapement shaft.

22.'In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack thereon, a pinion engaged by said rack, a shaft to support said pinion, an enlarged portion on said shaft, an escapement wheel on said shaft and engaging one face of said enlarged portion, a ratchet on said pinion, a pawl on said enlarged portion to engage said ratchet, means to locate the escapement wheel circumferentially of the shaft with respect to the pawl and to prevent rotation of the escapement wheel on said shaft, means on said shaft to hold the escapement wheel against the face of the enlarged portion, and means to actuate said pawl to disengage it from said ratchet to thus release the carriage from said shaft.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a rack thereon, a pinion engaged by said rack, a shaft to support said pinion, an enlarged portion on said shaft, an escapement wheel on said shaft and engaging one face of said enlarged portion, a ratchet on said pinion, a pawl on said enlarged portion to engage said ratchet, a dowel pin to locate the escapement wheel circumferentially of the shaft with respect to the pawl and. to prevent rotation of the escapement wheel on said shaft, a nut threaded on said shaft to hold the escapement wheel against the enlarged portion of said shaft, the enlarged portion and that portion of the shaft which supports the escapement wheel and the nut having an axial bore, said pawl extending into said enlarged portion to said aperture, a rod in said aperture, and means to actuate said rod to actuate said pawl to disengage it from said ratchet to thus effect a release of said carriage from said shaft.

24. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main-frame, a carriage thereon, a rack element on said carriage, an escapement shaft on said main-frame, said shaft comprising a head and two reduced ends extending from opposite ends of the head, a pinion element supported on one of said reduced ends, said pinion element being hollow, said head extending into the hollow portion of said pinion element, a spring pressed pawl supported in said head to engage said ratchet, an escapement wheel supported on the other reduced end and secured to said shaft, a rod extending axially through the reduced portion of said shaft to said pawl, and means to actuate said rod to disengage the pawl from said ratchet to thus effect the release of the carriage from said shaft.

FRANK H. TREGO. 

